Pulmonology
Pulmonology is a sub-speciality of Internal Medicine that deals with the health of the respiratory tract. In particular, the health of the lower airway, lungs and breathing control as well as their effect on the oxygenation of blood. The term “Pulmonology” has its origins in the Latin language. In some countries, it is referred to as chest medicine or respiratory medicine. The discipline deals with various respiratory conditions and lung disorders.
The respiratory system includes your:
Mouth and nose, Sinuses, Throat (pharynx), Voice box (larynx), Windpipe (trachea), Bronchial tubes, Lungs and things inside them like bronchioles and alveoli, and the Diaphragm
Some short-lasting illnesses of your lungs like flu, or cough can be managed with the help of primary care. But if shortness of breath, cough, pneumonia, or other symptoms do not get better, you might need to consult a doctor who can treat your chest. A doctor who looks after your lung's well-being is known as a pulmonologist, and they are responsible for lung disease treatment.
The Pulmonologists work in association with Bariatric Surgeons and ENT. The specialists treat breathing problems due to allergy & asthma, conditions such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder, snoring, etc. The sub-speciality is also referred to by other names such as Respiratory Medicine, Thoracic Medicine, Chest Medicine, Respirology.
For those having trouble getting pregnant – it’s a reproductive scientist who will investigate, diagnose and, where possible, treat any infertility issues.
Pulmonology: diseases and causes
Pulmonology is related to diagnosing and treating all diseases affecting the respiratory system that includes the nose, mouth, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, alveoli, lungs, and the respiratory muscles. This medical specialty deals with any disorders that affect the lungs, airways, or respiratory muscles. The following are some of the common diseases related to the respiratory system that are treated by pulmonologists-
Asthma
Interstitial lung disease
Asbestosis
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Chronic silicosis
Bronchiolitis obliterans
Sarcoidosis
Pulmonary fibrosis
Pneumonia
Treatment at KHLC:
Our team of highly experienced Pulmonologists, Respiratory therapists and support staffs work together to ensure the best possible care for each one suffering from of any kind of respiratory condition . We utilise the latest technology and equipment to diagnose and treat respiratory diseases effectively. Our services include:
  Diagnostic services:
Pulmonary function testing PFT
Bronchoscopy
Thoracentesis
Sleep studies (Polysomnography)
  Procedures:
Endobronchial Ultrasound (EBUS )
Pleuroscopy
Medical Thoracoscopy
Chest Tube Placement
Lung Biopsy
Bronchial Stent Placement
Endobronchial valves therapy
Bronchial thermoplasty
Pleurodesis
Non invasive ventilation therapy in (NIV)
 
  Treatment Options:
Asthma management
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease management (COPD)
Interstitial lung disease management (ILD)
Pulmonary hypertension treatment
Bronchial Thermoplasty
Lung cancer screening and management
Tuberculosis TB treatment
Pulmonary Rehabilitation Programme
At KHLC, We will work with you to develop individualised care plans, including management of chronic diseases. We are committed to being the region’s premier healthcare network by providing patient-centered care that inspires clinical and service excellence, making us the first and best choice for our patients.
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Diagnostic  

If you’re witnessing any unusual signs, you should meet with your primary care doctor. Only after a medical exam, your overall condition can be assessed. They may refer you to a pulmonologist if you:

have difficulty breathing
have a persistent cough
regularly cough up blood or mucus
smoke
have unexplained weight loss
have trouble exercising due to breathing problems.

Your first step to tackle a respiratory disease should be to get it accurately diagnosed. A pulmonologist may ask you to go through the following tests and exams to determine any lung-related disease.

- Physical examination This is the first test for diagnosis. A physical examination of the chest area is done by the pulmonologist to understand the signs and symptoms.

- Blood tests to check the levels of oxygen and other substances in the blood

- Spirometry to measure how well you can inhale and exhale the air out of your lungs

- CT scan to obtain detailed images from inside your chest

- Bronchoscopy. A thin and flexible tube with a camera on end is advanced through the mouth or nose into the windpipe to identify any issues in the trachea, lower airways, throat or larynx.

- Thoracentesis to obtain sample fluid from around your lungs

- Chest ultrasound to determine the conditions of the organs and other chest structures

- Pleural biopsy. A procedure to remove a small tissue sample from the pleura

- Pleuroscopy. The pulmonologist makes a small incision in the chest wall advances a pleuroscope into the chest cavity. Unlike bronchoscopy, it can also enable the doctor to examine the outside edges of the lungs.

- Pulse oximetry test that determines the level of oxygen saturation in your blood

- Sleep study to identify any sleep disorders

- Peak flow meter: This is a device used to find out how hard the patient exhales. This can help to find out if lung conditions like asthma are getting worse or not. Peak flow readings are taken during the treatment and monitored to understand the progress of treatment.

- Imaging tests: Imaging tests are used to get a picture of the chest region. Commonly, an X-ray is used to look for problems in the lung. For some diseases, a CT-Scan (Computerized tomography scan) is used to carry out a clear scan of the lungs and also the sinus cavities.

- Nitric oxide test: This is one of the tests to check for asthma. Higher nitric oxide levels in the breath are an indication of inflammation, which could be asthma.

- Sputum test: The sputum sample from the lungs is taken and this is analyzed in the lab to check for bacteria to detect pneumonia.

Interstitial lung disease: focuses on disorders of the lung characterized by prolonged inflammation and scarring
Interventional pulmonology: focuses on the treatment of airway disorders, pleural diseases, and lung cancer
Neuromuscular disease: deals with lung disorders resulting from failure in the respiratory muscle
Obstructive lung disease: focuses on the conditions caused by the obstruction or narrowing of the airways
Lung transplantation
Sleep-related breathing problems
Pediatric pulmonology